Why is the transformer tested?
To find out the efficiency of the transformer, it is necessary to know the amount of core loss and copper loss The open circuit is tested to find out the core of the transformer, and the short circuit is tested to find out the copper loss.
The test which is done by placing the measuring instrument on the primary side with the secondary winding of the transformer open is called Open Circuit Test. In this case, the high voltage is kept open and the instrument is fitted at low voltage.
1.Core Loss,
2.No Load Current,
3.Magnetizing Current,
4.Working current,
5.Core Loss Resistance,
6.Core Loss Resistance,
A short circuit test is done by shorting one side of the transformer and supplying very low voltage to the other side with variac help. This test usually involves shorting the low voltage site This circuit has to supply rated current and connect equipment on the high side. It supplies (5-10%) of the rated voltage.
1.Short ckt current,
2.Short ckt Voltage,
3.Copper Loss,
4.Equivalent Resistance,
5.Equivalent Reactance,
6.Power Factor,
7.Efficiency and Regulation

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